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鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移工藝常見問題解析

2013年11月08日 16:01人氣:1956來源:廣東金玉蘭包裝機械有限公司

$NV_MTSPCollect
  隨著我國節(jié)能減排理念的不斷推廣,鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移工藝在煙包印刷領(lǐng)域的應用越來越廣,但在煙包生產(chǎn)過程中也經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)一些故障。文本中,筆者將結(jié)合日程工作中的一些經(jīng)驗,介紹煙包鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移工藝的常見問題及解決方法,與業(yè)內(nèi)同行分享。
  
  鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移工藝常見問題解析
  
  1.出現(xiàn)皺膜現(xiàn)象
  
  鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜在一定張力下,通過壓合機構(gòu)將全息圖案轉(zhuǎn)移到印品表面,在這個過程中,鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜需要經(jīng)過多根導膜輥,容易出現(xiàn)皺膜現(xiàn)象。主要原因有以下兩點。
  
 ?。?)鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜收卷張力過大,使得膜卷兩端張力不一致,從而引起皺膜。此時,需要仔細調(diào)整出膜輥、導膜輥、阻尼輥的平衡,比較費時。而且,當下一次重復使用鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜時,張力不一致的方向會反過來,這就需要重新調(diào)整設備。常用的方法是在鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜收卷后立即復卷一次,以進一步調(diào)整鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜的張力,并對其進行散熱。
  
  (2)鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜本身沒有質(zhì)量問題,不合壓不皺膜,一合壓就皺膜。這主要是由于鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜在壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時壓膜輥兩端的壓力不平衡所致。在這種情況下,需要調(diào)整壓膜輥兩端的氣缸壓力,即調(diào)節(jié)氣缸行程末端的壓合限位螺絲,因其位于墻板內(nèi)側(cè),位置比較隱蔽,因此需要用塞尺進行調(diào)節(jié),注意及時鎖緊。有的鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移設備壓膜輥兩端的氣缸壓力可以獨立調(diào)整,相對比較方便。
  
 ?。?)鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜在各導膜輥處的張力不平衡,造成走膜速度和壓印速度不一致,從而引起皺膜。
  
  2.全息圖案出現(xiàn)針孔、白點現(xiàn)象
  
  這種現(xiàn)象主要表現(xiàn)為針孔、白點位置只有UV光油沒有全息圖案,或既沒有UV光油也沒有全息圖案。具體可分為以下幾種情況。
  
 ?。?)針孔、白點的位置與形狀比較固定。主要原因:①上光版或網(wǎng)紋輥表面有凹坑,造成印品表面對應位置沒有UV光油,自然就沒有全息圖案;②當使用帶光標的單版避版縫鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜,且UV光油涂布沒有問題時,如果仍然出現(xiàn)這種情況,可能是鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜表面有瑕疵,如鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜每個重復周長對應的位置上本來就沒有全息圖案,壓印轉(zhuǎn)移后自然就會產(chǎn)生針孔、白點。
  
 ?。?)針孔、白點的位置與形狀不固定。主要原因:①鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜質(zhì)量不穩(wěn)定,在壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時容易黏掉UV光油,,如使用回收膜制成的OPP鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜就容易出現(xiàn)此類問題;②UV光油的助劑添加不當,或蠟質(zhì)、硅油、膏類等物質(zhì)添加過量所致,如有的UV光油生產(chǎn)廠家因為選用的單體不當,為減少UV光油的泡沫,添加了過量的消泡劑,造成壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時UV光油無法充分進入鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜的網(wǎng)穴;③個別煙包采用UV膠印工藝印刷大面積實地或多色疊印,由于UV油墨固含量較高且瞬間固化,導致印品表面的墨膜不平整,為增強鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移效果,很多煙包印刷企業(yè)采用了“印刷油墨表面滿版涂布底油+鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移”的工藝,但是由于底油中可能含有過量的硅油、流平劑等,造成底油在印刷油墨表面的附著力不佳,部分底油在剝離時被鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜帶走(可看到在鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜上有點狀的底油痕跡),從而使得鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移不*,印品表面出現(xiàn)白點;④UV燈使用時間過長,有效功率不足,使得UV光油不能*固化,部分UV光油在剝離時被鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜帶走,此時應及時更換UV燈,一般國產(chǎn)UV燈的使用壽命約為1000~1500小時;⑤因皺膜引起鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移不*,使得印品表面產(chǎn)生大面積白點。
  
 ?。?)印品拖梢中部、走紙方向上出現(xiàn)條狀的大面積白點或鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移不*的現(xiàn)象。這主要是由于承印材料嚴重變形所致。如使用低檔灰底白卡紙時,由于車間溫濕度的變化,紙張因吸濕和放濕而產(chǎn)生“荷葉邊”,導致壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時紙張與鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜之間的空氣不能排盡。解決方法:平衡生產(chǎn)進度,保護承印材料,控制車間溫濕度。
  
 ?。?)印品表面局部出現(xiàn)針孔、白點,尤其是印品橫向上,鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移效果一邊好,一邊差。主要原因有:①壓印輥老化、硬度太低或磨損嚴重,需要重新車磨舊輥或更新新輥,向原廠購買新輥,且一定要注意其橡膠層應為耐紫外線膠型,此外,為延緩壓印輥老化,在設備保養(yǎng)時,切忌勿使用酯類溶劑擦洗壓膜輥(容易造成溶劑殘留),建議使用乙醇擦洗;②如果上光單位采用的是柔性版上光方式,就可能是由于網(wǎng)紋輥壓力沒有調(diào)好所致,此時需要重新調(diào)整印刷壓力及網(wǎng)紋輥對印刷的壓力;③如果鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移設備流平段有雜物(如紙皮等),且傳送帶左右張力和速度不一致時,會造成紙張在鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移設備流平段歪斜,使得壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時紙張與鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜之間的空氣不能排盡,從而造成上述問題。
  
 ?。?)采用同一種UV光油進行鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移,夏季生產(chǎn)時不出現(xiàn)白點,冬季生產(chǎn)時卻出現(xiàn)白點。這種情況主要出現(xiàn)在北方地區(qū),主要是由于環(huán)境溫度過低導致UV光油中某種材料(如光敏劑、流平劑等)產(chǎn)生結(jié)晶。如某流平劑的結(jié)晶溫度在10°左右,如果低于10°為半固態(tài),其就不再為液態(tài),這將嚴重影響鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移的正常進行。解決方法:將UV光油加熱至40°~50°后再使用;使用耐低溫的UV光油;調(diào)整UV光油的配方。
  
 ?。?)鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移開始階段出現(xiàn)的針孔、白點較少,后階段出現(xiàn)的針孔、白點越來越多。這多半是由灰塵引起的。因此,在設備保養(yǎng)時,應注意檢查導膜輥上是否有灰塵,并保持勤擦洗。有條件的煙包印刷企業(yè)對車間進行防塵隔離處理,以保持車間環(huán)境潔凈。如果車間內(nèi)沒有防塵隔離設施,生產(chǎn)時應注意關(guān)好車間門窗,每班次至少清洗4次導膜輥,一般在更換鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜時進行。
  
  綜上所述,對針孔、白點問題的控制要點可以概括為“四平”、“四凈”:“四平”是指設備安裝時保持設備前后段水平一致,壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時保持鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜平整,保持承印材料平整,選擇流平性好的UV光油;“四凈”是指保持上光版(柔性版或凹版)潔凈,保證UV光油過濾干凈,保持導膜輥潔凈,保持車間環(huán)境潔凈。
  
  3.鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移效果差(如全息圖案表面粗糙、光澤度差)
  
  主要原因:①UV光油涂布量不足(可能是網(wǎng)紋輥線數(shù)過高,網(wǎng)穴深度不夠所致);②UV光油的黏度太低;③為降低成本,在UV光油中添加了過量的溶劑(如酒精),或溶劑使用不當;④鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜的使用次數(shù)太多,其上的網(wǎng)穴不完整,不能形成良好的鐳射效果,造成全息圖案光澤度差;⑤UV光油的低溫下產(chǎn)生結(jié)晶。
  
  4.全息圖案發(fā)黃變色
  
  經(jīng)過鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移后,煙包表面的全息圖案出現(xiàn)發(fā)黃變色現(xiàn)象(俗稱“黃變”)。這種情況特別容易出現(xiàn)在配置有高功率UV燈的高速鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移設備上。這主要是由于UV光油配方中的光敏劑選擇不當,如選用了成本較低的Irgacure651光敏劑。解決方法:要求UV光油供應商更換光敏劑(如Irgacure184、Darocur1173等);適當調(diào)低UV燈的功率。
  
  5.全息圖案表面產(chǎn)生顆粒狀凸起現(xiàn)象
  
  肉眼一般無法觀察到這種現(xiàn)象,只能借助10倍以上的放大鏡才能觀察到。其實,造成全息圖案表面產(chǎn)生顆粒狀凸起現(xiàn)象的物質(zhì)是灰塵或幽默顆粒。如果是膠印產(chǎn)品,主要原因是油墨印刷不平整、油墨顆粒粗、墨層過厚。建議在調(diào)墨時盡量將色相調(diào)深一些,或印刷后在印品表面涂布一層UV底油。如果是凹印產(chǎn)品,可能與紙張橫切時產(chǎn)生的粉塵有關(guān)。除了及時更換橫切刀之外,建議在拼版時注意拼版方向,將印品叼口拼在卷筒紙走紙方向前方,在橫切時則以印刷叼口為入刀口,并調(diào)整上下橫切刀的間隙。此外,對橫切后的單張紙印品的拖梢切一刀(如1mm),將毛邊切掉,從而大大降低粉塵。
  
  6.先燙印后鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時,電化鋁表面的UV光油附著力不佳
  
  這種現(xiàn)象主要表現(xiàn)在用指甲劃過或用3M膠帶粘貼燙印圖案表面時,UV光油脫落。主要原因:①UV光油與電化鋁的匹配性差;②燙印工序與鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移工序之間的周轉(zhuǎn)時間過長,燙印后電化鋁表面的涂層發(fā)生氧化。
  
  7.先燙印后鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移時,燙印邊緣“飛金”多
  
  主要原因:①電化鋁邊緣燙印不實;②電化鋁與UV光油不匹配,UV光油對電化鋁有溶解作用。
  
  解決方法:①調(diào)整電化鋁的類型;②對電化鋁與UV光油的匹配性進行測試。簡易的測試方法是選擇2種鐳射壓印轉(zhuǎn)移效果相差不大的UV光油,將長度和寬度相同的電化鋁放入倒有UV光油的紙杯中,觀察并比較電化鋁在2種UV光油中的溶解時間,優(yōu)先選擇溶解時間長的UV光油做進一步測試。
  
  8.全息圖案表面發(fā)澀,上機包裝不順暢
  
  主要原因:UV光油的固化速度與UV燈功率、生產(chǎn)速度不匹配,導致鐳射轉(zhuǎn)移膜在壓印轉(zhuǎn)移后剝離情況不佳;UV光油中的助劑添加不當,如流平劑含量過少,防水霧劑含量過多。
  
  要想確定全息圖案表面的發(fā)澀程度是否不利于煙包上機包裝,可利用摩擦系數(shù)儀測試其表面的摩擦系數(shù)的方法來判斷。特別注意的是,有時全息圖案表面的手感已經(jīng)很滑,但煙包上機包裝時還是不夠順暢,這主要與UV光油配方中的樹脂種類(如聚氨酯材料)和添加的流平劑種類有關(guān),應要求UV光油供應商配合解決。
  
  9.上機包裝時,煙包折角處的全息圖案易被蹭掉
  
  當煙包表面涂油UV底油時,這種情況特別容易出現(xiàn),因此須調(diào)整UV底油和UV光油的匹配性。如果使用水性底油,注意不能添加蠟質(zhì)、硅油等助劑。如果是凹印產(chǎn)品,建議使用溶劑型UV底油,或使用UV凹印沖淡劑、透明墨、調(diào)金油等作為UV底油,因為其與UV光油的匹配性較好。如果是膠印產(chǎn)品,溶劑型UV底油反而不一定合適,因此需要仔細測試UV底油與UV光油的匹配性,墨層較薄的產(chǎn)品不需要涂布UV底油。
  
  Withtheconceptofenergy-savingandemission-reductioncontinuallypopularizedinChina,theHologramImagesTransferringprocessismoreandmorewidelyappliedincigarettepackageprinting,however,someproblemsandmalfunctionsmayfrequentlyoccurontheproductionlineofcigarettepackage.Inthisthesis,theproblemsofcommonoccurrenceintheHologramImagesTransferringprocessandthecorrespondingsolutionsaretobeintroducedbytheAuthor,whosepracticalworkingexperiencesareintegratedintheintroductiontoo,soastoprovidesomevaluableinformationforsharingwithcolleaguesinthesametrade.
  
  AnAnalysis
  
  On
  
  TheProblemsofCommonOccurrence
  
  IntheProcessof
  
  HologramImagesTransferring
  
  Author:JiaoJieming
  
  BengbuJinHuangshanMountainAobanPrintingLimitedCompany
  
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  1.FilmCrinkling
  
  Undercertainstrainstrength,withtheaidofpressingdevice,HolographicTransferringFilmcantransferhologrampatternsontothesurfaceofpressworksheet.Duringthewholeprocess,HolographicTransferringFilmmustgothroughmorethanonefilm-guidingroller,sothatitisliabletooccurfilmcrinkling.Themaincausesare:
  
  (1)TherewindingtensionofHolographicTransferringFilmistoolarge,makingthetensiononthetwoendsofthefilmrolldifferentfromeachotherandthenthefilmcrinkled.Forthat,itisneededtoadjusttheuniformitiesbetweenfilmoutlet-roller,guiding-rolleranddamping-roller,whichisatime-consumingjob.Furthermore,whenusetheHolographicTransferringFilmforanexttime,theoperationdirectionsoncewithdifferenttensionswillreverse,andthenthesystemhastobereset.Astothis,thenormalsolutionistorewindingtheHolographicTransferringFilmrollonceagainafteritsrewinding,whichcanregulatethetension,andhelptoheat-dissipate.
  
 ?。?)ThereisnoqualityfaultintheHolographicTransferringFilm,andwithoutembossingpress,filmcrinklingneveroccurs,butoncetheFilmgetsanembossingpress,itcrinkles.Theproblemmainlycausedbythedifferentpressuresonthetwoendsoffilm-pressroller.Inthatcase,thepressureinthecylinderateachendofthefilm-pressrollerneedtoberegulate,thatistoreadjustthelimitingscrewsatthestrokeendofthecylinder,whichlocatedatinnersideofwallplate.Duetoitshard-to-touchlocationpoint,theadjustingshouldbecarryoutwithafeelergaugeanddon’tforgettotimelytightenittothelockingpoint.However,asforsomeHologramimagesTransferringEquipments,thecylinders’pressuresonfilm-pressrollers’endscanbeseparayreadjust,soitisveryconvenienttoregulate.
  
  (3)IfthetensiononHolographicTransferringFilmattheguiding-rollersisnotthesame,thefilmdeliveringspeedandtransferringspeedwillnotbeevenandthenwillmakefilmcrinkled.
  
  2.Pinholes&whiteflakesonhologrampattern
  
  Atthepositionsofthesepinholes&whiteflakes,thereareonlyUVvarnishingbutnohologrampatternappears,orneitherUVvarnishingnorhologrampatternappears.Specificcasesasfollows:
  
 ?。?)Pinholeorwhiteflakewithfixedshapeandfixeddistributingposition.Maincauses:1thereisoneormorepitsonthesurfaceofcoatingplateoraniloxroller,sothatonthetransferredsheets’surfacethereisnoUVvarnishingatthepositionresponsivetothepit,thehologrampatterisofcoursemissing.2Ifseam-avoidmarkedHolographicTransferringFilmisadoptedandthespreadcoatingofUVvarnishingisnoproblem,theoccurrenceoftheabovementionedcasemayoriginateformtheflawsonthesurfaceofHolographicTransferringFilm,forexample,thereisnohologrampatternattheresponsivepositionofeachrepeatedperimeteroftheHolographicTransferringFilm,ofcoursePinholeorwhiteflakewillemergeaftertransferring.
  
 ?。?)Pinholeorwhiteflakewithunfixedshapeandunfixeddistributingposition.Maincauses:1thequalityoftheHolographicTransferringFilmisnotsteadyandliabletostickoffUVvarnishingduringtransferring,forexample,OPPHolographicTransferringFilmproducedwithrecycledfilmismoreliabletosuchproblem;2additionagentforUVvarnishingwasnotproperlyadded,ortheamountofaddedwax,siliconoil,pastyelementorothersubstanceswastoolarge,makingUVvarnishingcannotsufficientlyenterintothemeshholeofHolographicTransferringFilm;3inthetransferringofsomecigarettepackages,UVoffsetprintinginlargeareaisadoptedandneedtoimplementmulti-coloroverprinting,duetothehighcontentofUVprintinginkanditspropertyofquicksolidification,theink-coatonthesurfaceoftransferredsheetsisoftennotsmooth.Inordertoreinforcethehologramtransferringeffect,manycompanyengagedincigarettepackageprintingadopttheprocessof“printinginksurfacecoatedwithwholeplatebaseoilcoat+hologramimagestransferring”,However,inthebaseoilcoat,thecontentofsiliconoilorflattingagentmaybetoohighthenreducetheadhesivepowerofthebaseoilcoatonthesurfaceofprintingoil,resultingthatsomepeelingoffbaseoilcoatbeentrappedbyHolographicTransferringFilm(baseoilcoatflakescanbeseenonHolographicTransferringFilm),thenmakethetransferringinadequateandwhiteflakesemergeonthetransferredsheets;4theworkingtimeofUVlampistoolong,andtheeffectivepowerofthelampisinsufficient,whichcausetheUVvarnishingcannotsolidifyadequayandsomepeelingoffUVvarnishingentrappedbyHolographicTransferringFilm,insuchacase,theUVlampmustbereplacedassoonaspossible.TheperformancelifeofordinarydomesticUVlampisabout100-1500h;5filmcrinklingcausesinadequatetransferring,resultingthatwhitesflakesemergesinlargearea.
  
 ?。?)Inthemiddleoftransferredsheets’tailendandinthedirectionofpaperdelivery,largeareaofwhiteflakesstripesorinadequatetransferringemerged.Themaincauseforthatisseveredeformationofprintingstock.Iflow-gradewhitepaperboardwithgreygroundwasused,duetothetemperaturefluctuationinworkshop,“lotus-leaf-edge”wouldappearonthepaperboardbecauseofmoistureabsorptionanddisabsorption,whichwouldimpedetheexcludingoftheairbetweenpaperboardandHolographicTransferringFilmduringtransferringoperation.Solution:arrangethemanufacturescheduleappropriay,payattentiontotheprotectionofprintingstockandthecontrolsoftemperatureandhumidityinworkshop.
  
  (4)Pinholesorwhiteflakesemergeonpartareaofthesurfaceoftransferredsheets,especiallyonthetransverseareaofthearticle,thetransferringeffectononesideisgoodwhileontheothersideisnotgood.Maincausesinclude:1thepressrubberrollerwasagedanddegraded,itshardnesswasreducedanditsbodywasheavilyworn.Theoldrollerneedstobereconditionedorreplacedwithanewone.Itisrecommendedtobuyanewrollerformtheoriginalmanufacturer,andmoreattentionshouldbepaidtotheroller’rubberlayer,whichmustbemadeofUV-resistancerubber.Furthermore,inordertodelaytheagingofpressrubberroller,itisrecommendedtouseethanoltocleantheroller,andneveruseesterssolvent(whichisliabletoproduceresidue)ascleanagentinthemaintenanceoftheroller;2Ifflexographicplatewasadoptedinthecoatingunit,andifthepressureofanilox-rollerwasnotadjustedproperly,abovementionedproblemmightbecaused,insuchacase,transferringpressureandanilox-roller’pressureonprintingplateshouldbereadjusted;3ifthereareforeignsubstances(e.g.paperpiece)heldupintheLevelingSectionoftheHologramImagesTransferringEquipment,andthestrainstrengthsandspeedsontheconveyingbelt’sleftandrightsidesarenotthesamewitheachother,thepaperinLevelingSectionwilldeflectandnotlocateatrightplace,whichcanimpedetheexcludingoftheairbetweenpaperandHolographicTransferringFilmduringtransferringoperation,andthencausetheabovementionedproblem.
  
 ?。?)WhenadoptingacertainUVvarnishinginHologramImagesTransferring,nowhiteflakesemergeintheproductioninsummer,butintheproductioninwinter,eventhesameUVvarnishingisused,whiteflakesemergenevertheless.SuchaproblemmainlytakesplaceinnorthernChina,andthecrystallizationofsomeaagent(e.g.photosensitizer,flattingagent)inUVvarnishingduetothelowambienttemperatureisthemaincause.Ifthecrystallizationtemperatureofflattingagentisat10℃,oncebelow10℃,theagentwillbeinsemi-solidstateinsteadofliquidstate,andthenhasanegativeinfluenceontheregularoperationofhologramimagestransferring.Solution:heatingtheUVvarnishingtothetemperatureof40℃-50℃beforeputtingitintoservice;onlyadoptinglow-temperature-resistanceUVvarnishing;andrevisingtherecipeofvarnishingtoimprovetheeffect.
  
 ?。?)Attheinitialstageofhologramimagestransferringoperation,onlyafewofPinholesorwhiteflakesemerge,however,atlaterstages,moreandmorePinholesorwhiteflakeswillemergeandthechiefcauseisdust.Therefore,duringequipmentmaintenance,pleasecarefullycheckifthereisanydustheldupontheguiding-roller,andregularandfrequentwipingandcleaningisalsorequired.Itishighlyrecommendedforprintingenterpriseswithconvenientconditionstoequipworkshopwithdustproofinstallationstokeeptheworkshopno-dustandclean.Ifnodustproofinstallationcanbeequippedinworkshop,thedoorofworkshopshouldbecarefullyclosed,andtheguidingrollershouldbecleanfour(4)timesatleastinoneworkingshift,normallydothecleaningatthesametimeofHolographicTransferringFilmreplacing.
  
  Onthewhole,thekeypointstocopewithpinholesandwhiteflakescanbesummarizedas“fourlevels”and“fourcleans”;,fourlevels:ensuretheforwardpartandrearwardpartkeeplevelwitheachotherwhensettinguptheequipment,keepHolographicTransferringFilmlevelandflatduringtransferringoperation,keepprintingstocklevelandflat,andonlyselectUVvarnishingwithgoodlevel-ability;fourcleans:keeptheplate(flexographicplateorgravureplate)clean,ensureUVvarnishingbecleanlyfiltered,keepguiding-rollercleanandneat,andkeepworkshopclean.
  
  3.Undesirablehologramimagestransferringeffect(e.g.roughhologrampatternsurface,badsurfacegloss)
  
  Maincauses:1theamountofUVvarnishingisinadequate(causes:thenumberofanilox-rollerlinesistoohigh,orthedepthofmeshholeisnotenough);2theviscosityofvarnishingistoolow;3toomuchsolvent(e.g.alcohol)wasaddedintothecoatingforthepurposeofcostreducing,orusethesolventimproperly;4theHolographicTransferringFilmhadbeenusedfortoomanytimesandthemeshholesonitturnedfragmentary,sothatthelaserexposureeffectisnotverygoodthenhasanegativeinfluenceonthesurfaceglossofthehologrampattern;5underlowambienttemperature,theUVvarnishinghadturnedcrystallized.
  
  4.Hologrampatternappearinginchanged,yellowishcolor
  
  Hologrampatternappearsinchanged,yellowishcolorafterembossingandtransferringoperation.(commonlyreferredtoas“changingyellow”).SuchaproblemisespeciallyliabletotakeplaceonHigh-speedHologramImagesTransferringEquipmentwithhighpowerUVlamp.ThatismainlybecausethephotosencitizerintherecipeoftheUVvarnishingwasnotrightlyselected,forexample,thelowprice–lowperformanceIrgacure651wasselected.Solution:requestthesupplieroftheUVglazingoiltoreplacethephotosencitizerwithdesirableones(e.g.Irgacure184,Darocur1173);reducethepoweroftheUVlampproperly.
  
  5.Granularpocksonthesurfaceofhologrampattern
  
  Suchanappearancenormallycannotbeseenbynakedeyewithoutthehelpof10×magnifier.Infact,itisdustandprintinkparticlesthatcausesuchaproblem.
  
  Asforoffsetprinting,themaincauseisthattheprintinginkwasnotprocesseduptoenoughsmoothness,theink’sparticlesarenotfineandtheink-coatistoothick.Itisrecommendedtomakethecolorhueofinkasdarkaspossibleinthepreparationofprintingink,orapplyaUVvarnishingcoatontheprintedarticleafteroperation.
  
  Asforgravureprinting,suchaproblemmaybecausedbythedustcreatedincross-cuttingofpapers.Besidesreplacingthecross-cutter,moreattentionshouldbepaidtothedirectionofpatch-up,thegripperedgefortransferredsheetsshouldbelocatedaheadalongthepaperdeliverydirectionoftheweb,andthenthegripperedgewillbetakenascuttinginletofpaper’scross-cutting,thegapbetweenupperandlowercross-cuttersshouldbereadjustedtoo.Furthermore,theendtailofsinglepieceofarticleshouldgetanadditionalcut(e.g.acutof1mm),sothattheroughedgebecutoffandtheamountofdustbereduced.
  
  6.Asfortransferringafterfoilstamping,UVvanishing’sadhesiveonaluminumsurfacenotverygood
  
  Afingernail-scratch,orapplyinga3Msealingtapeonthesurfaceoffoilstampedpattern,canmaketheUVvarnishingscaledoff.Maincauses:1thecompatibilitybetweenUVvarnishingandaluminumisundesirable.2thetimeintervalbetweenfoilstampingandtransferringwastoolong,thecoatofaluminumsurfacehadbeenoxidizedthroughsuchalongtime.
  
  7.Asfortransferringafterfoilstamping,toomuch“foil-splashing”onfoilstampingpatterns’edge
  
  Maincauses:1thealuminumedgehadnotbeenfoilstampedsturdily;2thealuminumisnotcompatiblewiththeUVvarnishing,andthevarnishinghassomedissolutioneffectonthealuminum.
  
  Solution:1re-selectthealuminumtobeused;2testthecompatibilitybetweenaluminumandUVvarnishing.Asimpletestmethodistoselect2kindsofUVcoatingswithsimilartransferringeffect,thenputaluminumsampleswithsamelengthandwidthintothepapercupsfilledwith2kindsofUVvarnishing,now,examineandcomparethetimelengthforthedissolutionofeachaluminumsampleinoneofthe2papercups,then,theUVvarnishingwithlongerdissolutiontimeshouldbetakenforfurthertest.
  
  8.Thehologrampattern’ssurfaceisunsmoothandnotsuitableforpackagingmachineprocessing
  
  Maincauses:thesolidificationspeedofUVvarnishingisnotcompatiblewiththepowerofUVlampandtheproductionspeed,leadingtheHologramTransferringFilmintoapoorconditionafterhologramimagestransferringoperation;additionagentsforUVvarnishingwerenotproperlyadded,forexample,theamountofflattingagentaddedwastoolittle,whiletheamountofantifoggingagentaddedwastoomuch.
  
  Inordertodeterminewhethertheun-smoothnessofhologrampattern’ssurfaceissuitableforpackagingmachineprocessingornot,africtionmetercanbeused.Pleasenote:sometimeseventhehandfeelofthehologrampatternissmooth,itisstillnotgoodforpackagingmachineprocessing,whichdependingonthetypeofresin(e.g.polyurethane)intherecipeofUVvarnishing,andthetypeofflattingagentaddedinthecoating,sothesupplieroftheUVvarnishingarerequiredtocollaboratetosolutetheproblem.
  
  9.Duringpackagingmachineprocessing,thehologrampatternonthecornersofacigarettecaseiseasytoberubbedoff
  
  SuchaproblemisliabletotakeplaceespeciallywhenthereisUVbasecoatingonthesurfaceofcigarettecase,therefore,thecompatibilitybetweenUVbasecoatingandUVvarnishingisofgreatimportance.Ifaqueousbasecoatingistobeused,pleasedon’tusewaxorsiliconoilasadditionagent.Asforgravureprinting,solvent-bornetypebaseoilisrecommendable,andgravureprintingthinner,PlastisolprintinginkorgoldvanishcanalsobeusedbecauseoftheirgoodcompatibilitywithUVvarnishing.Asforoffsetprinting,onthecontrary,solvent-bornetypebasecoatingisnotrecommendable,therefore,thecompatibilitybetweenUVbasecoatingandUVvarnishingshouldbecarefullytested,andforproduct(article)withathinnerinkcoat,noUVbasecoatingspreadingisneeded.
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